What is tsunami? How it occurs?

This term is composed of Japanese-tsu ", meaning" port ", and" nami ", meaning" wave "- and was adopted at a conference in 1963.

 

The tsunami waves that reach up the coast separated by about fifteen or twenty minutes. The first is usually not the highest, but is very similar to normal, then there is a dramatic decline in sea level followed by the first tidal wave, followed by several more.

 

Formerly they were called "tidal waves", "tsunami" or "seismic sea waves," but these terms have increasingly become obsolete, not adequately describe the phenomenon. The first two involve tidal movements, a different phenomenon caused by the gravitational pull exerted by the planets, the Sun and the Moon.

 

Earthquakes are a major cause of tsunamis, but may also provoke volcanoes, meteorites, landslides, coastal and underground and even explosions of great magnitude.

 

For an earthquake triggering a tsunami seabed suddenly be moved vertically so that the ocean is driven out of their normal balance. When that vast body of water attempts to regain its equilibrium, waves are generated.

The size of the tsunami is determined by the magnitude of vertical deformation of seafloor. There are scales to describe the energy of the tsunami, although, unlike earthquakes, are primarily based on the demonstrations on the coast.

 

Although there are no mechanisms to predict earthquakes, it's there to warn of a tsunami before his arrival on the coast, as its propagation speed is much lower than seismic waves.

 

The tsunami warning and operating effectively for years in Japan and the United States. The alarm system in the Pacific was established in 1946 after the tsunami following an earthquake in the Aleutian Islands caused 165 deaths in Hawaii and Alaska.

 

Although anyone can experience ocean tsunami, more often they occur in the Pacific, whose margins are seat of considerable magnitude earthquakes (particularly the coasts of Chile, Peru, India and Japan). However, there were also significant tidal waves in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans and the Mediterranean Sea.

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