Mohanraj
COMMANDS:
1. TASK : To
display the system date and time.
COMMAND : date.
SYNTAX : date.
EXPLANATION: This command displays the
current system date and time on the
screen.
OUTPUT : Tue Jun 19 11:37:17
GMT 2007.
2. TASK : To display the current
month.
COMMAND : date.
SYNTAX : date +%m.
EXPLANATION: This command displays the current month
on the screen.
OUTPUT : 06.
3. TASK : To display the name of
the current month.
COMMAND : date.
SYNTAX : date +%h.
EXPLANATION: This command displays
the name of the current month on the
screen.
OUTPUT : Jun.
4. TASK : To
display the current system date.
COMMAND : date.
SYNTAX : date +%d.
EXPLANATION: This command
displays the current system date on the screen.
OUTPUT : 19.
5. TASK : To
display the current system date (year).
COMMAND : date.
SYNTAX : date +%y.
EXPLANATION: This command
displays the current year on the screen.
OUTPUT : 07.
6. TASK :
To display the current system time.
COMMAND : date.
SYNTAX : date +%H.
EXPLANATION: This command
displays the current system time (in hours) on the
screen.
OUTPUT : 11.
7. TASK :
To display the current system time.
COMMAND : date.
SYNTAX
: date +%M.
EXPLANATION: This command
displays the current system time (in minutes) on the
screen.
OUTPUT : 43.
8. TASK : To
display the current system time.
COMMAND : date.
SYNTAX : date +%S.
EXPLANATION: This command
displays the current system time (in seconds) on the
screen.
OUTPUT : 15.
9. TASK : To display the calendar of the current month.
COMMAND : calendar.
SYNTAX : cal.
EXPLANATION: This command
displays the calendar of the current month on the
screen.
OUTPUT : Jun
07
S M T W T F S
1 2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
17 18 19 20 21 22 23
24 25 26 27 28 29 30
10. TASK :
To display user-defined message.
COMMAND : echo.
SYNTAX : echo “message”.
EXPLANATION: This
command displays on the screen the argument of the echo
command.
OUTPUT : echo “OS”.
è
OS
11. TASK :
To display the details of all users.
COMMAND : who.
SYNTAX :
who.
EXPLANATION : This
command lists the information about all the users who have
logged on to that system.
OUTPUT :
12. TASK :
To display the user detail.
COMMAND : who.
SYNTAX : whoami.
EXPLANATION : This
command displays information about the current user of the
system on the screen.
OUTPUT : root.
13. TASK : To
create a directory.
COMMAND : make directory.
SYNTAX : mkdir.
EXPLANATION : This
command is used to create a new directory with the specified
name.
EXAMPLE : mkdir student.
OUTPUT : The directory “student” is created.
14. TASK : To
change directory.
COMMAND : change directory.
SYNTAX : cd directory name.
EXPLANATION : This
command is used to switch from one directory to another.
EXAMPLE : cd staff.
OUTPUT : The directory “staff” is switched onto.
15. TASK :
To delete a directory.
COMMAND : remove directory.
SYNTAX : rmdir directory name
EXPLANATION : This command is used to delete the specified
directory.
EXAMPLE : rmdir student.
OUTPUT : The “student” directory is deleted.
16. TASK :
To come out of a sub-directory.
COMMAND : change directory.
SYNTAX : cd ..
EXPLANATION : This
command helps in switching to the main directory.
OUTPUT :
17. TASK : To
list all the files and directories.
COMMAND : list.
SYNTAX : ls.
EXPLANATION : This
command displays all the files and directories of the system.
OUTPUT :
18. TASK : To create a file.
COMMAND : cat.
SYNTAX : cat> file name.
EXPLANATION : This
command leads to the creation of a new file with the specified
file name
and contents.
EXAMPLE : cat> wind.
OUTPUT : A null file called “wind” is created.
19. TASK :
To view a file.
COMMAND : cat.
SYNTAX : cat file name.
EXPLANATION : This command displays the contents of
the specified file.
EXAMPLE : cat wind.
OUTPUT : Contents of the file
called “wind” will be displayed on
the screen.
20. TASK :
To copy a file.
COMMAND : copy.
SYNTAX : cp sourcefile
destinationfile.
EXPLANATION : This command produces a copy of the
source file and is stored in
the specified destination
file by overwriting its previous
contents.
EXAMPLE : cp sun moon.
OUTPUT : The contents of “sun” file will be copied to the “moon” file.
21. TASK :
To move a file.
COMMAND : move.
SYNTAX : mv sourcefile destinationfile.
EXPLANATION : After moving the contents of the source
file into destination file,
the
source file is deleted.
EXAMPLE : mv sun moon.
OUTPUT : After copying contents
from the “sun” file to “moon” file, the
“sun” file is deleted.
22. TASK : To display / cut a column
from a file.
COMMAND : cut.
SYNTAX : cut –c no. file name.
EXPLANATION : This
command displays the characters of a particular column in the
specified file.
EXAMPLE : cut –c3 moon.
OUTPUT : Those characters occurring
in the 3rd column of the file called
“moon” are displayed.
23. TASK :
To delete a file.
COMMAND : remove.
SYNTAX : rm file name.
EXPLANATION : This command deletes the specified file
from the directory.
EXAMPLE : rm sun.
OUTPUT : The file called “sun” will be deleted.
24. TASK :
To retrieve a part of a file.
COMMAND : head.
SYNTAX : head -no. of rows file
name.
EXPLANATION : This command displays the specified no.
of rows form the top
of the specified file.
EXAMPLE : head -1 sun.
OUTPUT : The first row of the file
called “sun” is displayed.
25. TASK :
To retrieve a file.
COMMAND : tail.
SYNTAX : tail -no. of rows file
name.
EXPLANATION : This command displays the specified
no. of rows form the bottom
of
the specified file.
EXAMPLE : tail -1 moon.
OUTPUT : The last row of the file
called “moon” is displayed.
26. TASK :
To sort the contents of a file.
COMMAND : sort.
SYNTAX : sort file name.
EXPLANATION : This command helps in sorting the
contents of a file in ascending
order.
EXAMPLE : sort win.
OUTPUT : The contents of the file “win” are displayed on the screen in a
sorted
order.
27. TASK :
To display the no. of characters in a file.
COMMAND : word count.
SYNTAX : wc file name.
EXPLANATION : This command displays on the screen the
no. of rows, words, and
the sum of no. of characters and words.
EXAMPLE : wc ball.
OUTPUT : The no. of rows, words,
and no. of characters present in the file
“ball”
are displayed.
28. TASK :
To display the calendar of a year.
COMMAND : cal.
SYNTAX : cal year.
EXPLANATION : This command displays on the screen the
calendar of the specified year.
EXAMPLE : cal 2007.
OUTPUT : The calendar of the year 2007 will be displayed.
Posted in: Unix
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